All science experiments contain error, so it’s important to know the types of error and how to calculate it. (Image: NASA/GSFC/Chris Gunn) Science labs usually ask you to compare your results against theoretical or known values.

Jan 2, 2015 - Usually a stock solution is prepared followed by a dilution or series of. Minimal dilution error (i.e., smallest measurement uncertainty commensurate with. The resulting standard uncertainty from volumetric sources would be. Sources of Error in Measurement in Research Methodology in Research Methodology - Sources of Error in Measurement in Research Methodology in Research Methodology.

This helps you evaluate your results and compare them against other people’s values. The difference between your results and the expected or theoretical results is called error. The amount of error that is acceptable depends on the experiment, but a margin of error of 10% is generally considered acceptable.

If there is a large margin of error, you’ll be asked to go over your procedure and identify any mistakes you may have made or places where error might have been introduced. So, you need to know the different types and sources of error and how to calculate them. How to Calculate Absolute Error One method of measuring error is by calculating absolute error, which is also called absolute uncertainty. This measure of accuracy is reported using the units of measurement.

Absolute error is simply the difference between the measured value and either the true value or the average value of the data. Absolute error = measured value – true value For example, if you measure gravity to be 9.6 m/s 2 and the true value is 9.8 m/s 2, then the absolute error of the measurement is 0.2 m/s 2. You could report the error with a sign, so the absolute error in this example could be -0.2 m/s 2. If you measure the length of a sample three times and get 1.1 cm, 1.5 cm, and 1.3 cm, then the absolute error is +/- 0.2 cm or you would say the length of the sample is 1.3 cm (the average) +/- 0.2 cm. Some people consider absolute error to be a measure of how accurate your measuring instrument is.

If you are using a ruler that reports length to the nearest millimeter, you might say the absolute error of any measurement taken with that ruler is to the nearest 1 mm or (if you feel confident you can see between one mark and the next) to the nearest 0.5 mm. How to Calculate Relative Error Relative error is based on the absolute error value. It compares how large the error is to the magnitude of the measurement. So, an error of 0.1 kg might be insignificant when weighing a person, but pretty terrible when weighing a apple.

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